机械专业英语组.doc

LESSON 1 stress and strain tensile stress拉应力 tensile strain拉应变 compressive stress压应力 compressive strain压应变 normal stress正应力 normal strain正应变 cross section横截面 prismatic bar等截面杆 brittle materials脆性材料 ductile materials塑性材料 permanent deformation永久变形 elastic deformation弹性变形 plastic deformation塑性变形 elastic-plastic deformation弹塑性变形 ultimate stress极限应力 allowable stress许用应力 allowable load许用载荷 concentrated loads集中载荷 distributed loads分布载荷 working loads 工作载荷 factor of safety安全系数 the tensile load拉伸载荷 compressive load压缩载荷 axially load轴向载荷 simple beam简支梁 cantilever beam悬臂梁 beam with an overhang外伸梁 statically determinate beam 静定梁 linear elastic range线性弹性范围 continuous distribution连续分布 reactive force反作用力 horizontal force水平力 vertical force竖直力 LESSON 2 strength and allowable of materials load-carrying capacity承载能力 the maximum unit load最大单位载荷 stress-strain diagram应力应变图 yield point 屈服点 yield strength 屈服强度 plastic deformation塑性变形 elastic deformation弹性变形 ultimate tensile strength最大拉伸强度 tensile strength拉伸强度 compressive strength 压缩强度 bending strength弯曲强度 tensional strength 扭转强度 shear strength剪切强度 fatigue strength疲劳强度 stress concentration应力集中 READING MATERIALS(阅读材料) (A) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS mechanical properties of metals金属力学性能 Mechanical Properties of Metals金属的力学性能 Mechanical properties机械性能，力学性能 Strength, hardness, elasticity, ductility, toughness 强度、 硬度、 弹性、 延展性、 韧度 强度分为 拉伸强度tensile strength 压缩强度compressive strength 弯曲强度bending strength 扭转强度tensional strength 剪切强度shear strength 疲劳强度fatigue strength non-ferrous metal 有色金属 ferrous metal 黑色金属 ferrous alloy铁合金，(黑色金属) non-ferrous alloy（s）非铁合金(有色金属) cast iron铸铁 LESSON 3 Shafts design circular cross section圆形横截面 normal size名义尺寸 diameter of solid shaft实心轴的直径 outside diameter of hollow shaft空心轴的外径 outside diameter外径inside diameter内径 tensional deflection 扭转变形 modulus of elasticity弹性模量E shear modulus of elasticity剪切弹性模量C the endurance limit承受限度 the allowable shearing stress许用剪切应力 the angle of twist 扭转角 polar moment of inertia极惯性矩 J=P