高中英语语法非谓语动词.docVIP

非谓语动词 一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能 在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。 3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。 4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。 动名词 现在分词 V-ed 四、不定式在句子中可以充当哪些成分？ 1、作主语To run is a good habit.(=It is a good habit to run.) 2、作表语Our plan is to build a bridge over the river. 3、作宾语I want to buy a dictionary. 4、作定语He has a chance to go abroad. 5、作状语 To finish the work, he had to get up early. 6、作补语I ask us to help him. 动名词在句子当中可以充当哪些成分？ 1、主语Nodding means agreement. 2、宾语Would you mind closing the windows? 3、表语His job is selling newspapers. 4、定语This is a swimming pool. 现在分词在句子当中可以充当哪些成分？ 1、表语He is selling newspapers. 2、定语The dancing man is my uncle. 3 补语He kept me waiting so long. 4 状语Walking in the street, I met my teacher. 过去分词在句子当中可以充当哪些成分？ 1、定语 This is one of the schools built in the 1980s. 2、表语The shop is closed. 3、补语She found her glass stolen. 4、状语Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. 五、非谓语动词的形式 动词不定式  动词不定式的形式 John said that he had run in order to catch the bus. （一般式的主动态）He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)This work of art seemed to have been created long ago. (完成式的被动态)We’re happy to have been working with you. (完成进行式) 现在分词的形式 He sat in a chair,? reading a novel. (一般式主动态) Being criticized by the boss , he listened attentively. (一般式被动态) Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态) All this having been settled, he went home. (完成式被动态) 过去分词的形式 ? Given more time, we could have done it better. The bridge built last month needs repairing. 一、不定式与动名词做主语： 1、动名词做主语往往，不定式做主语常表示。例如： Collecting information about children’s health is his job. To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 It’s no use quarrel