GPS、水准拟合精度评定模型的建立.docx

论文题目：GPS/水准拟合精度评定模型的建立专业：测绘工程本科生：李晓签名指导老师：史经俭签名摘要目前将GPS所测得大地高转换成正常高已成为GPS高程应用的重要问题。精确计算GPS点的正常高，主要有GPS重力高程、GPS三角高程以及GPS水准高程等方法。由于前两种具有一定的局限性，所以GPS水准高程应用最为普遍。GPS水准拟合的数学模型有很多种，分析各种模型的原理及优缺点，并研究其精度分析方法。选择使用多项式曲面拟合法的两种数学模型对某区域GPS数据分别进行一次拟合，二次拟合，并对其拟合结果进行了分析与比较得出了如下结论：针对于不同的拟合方案，重合点数量越多，分布于网中的位置越合理，则拟合精度越高。关键词：正常高，GPS水准，拟合模型，精度评定Subject : Establish GPS Leveling Fitting Accuracy AssessmentSpecialty : Survey EngineeringName: Li Xiao Signature: Instructor: Shi Jingjian Signature: ABSTRACTCurrently geodetic height is measured by the GPS is converted into normal height has become an important issue. Accurately calculating normal height of GPS point, there are GPS gravity elevation, GPS triangulation elevation,GPS leveling and other methods. Since the former two methods have some limitations, so the GPS level elevation is the most common. GPS leveling fitting mathematical models is diverse,analysis models’ advantages and disadvantages of the various principles , and to study its accuracy analysis. Choose to use polynomial surface fitting including two mathematical models for a region GPS data were fitted using a fit and quadratic fit, and its fitting results were analyzed and compared the following conclusion: fit for different program, the number of coincident points, the more reasonable position in the distribution network, the higher the precision of the fitting.KEY WORDS: Normal height,GPS leveling,Fitting model,Accuracy Assessment目录前言11 GPS水准拟合模型的原理和适用性分析31.1等值线图示法31.2多项式曲线拟合法31.3三次样条曲线拟合法41.4Akima函数拟合法41.5多项式曲面拟合51.6多面函数法61.7移动曲面法72算例分析82.1一次拟合82.1.1一次拟合：四个重合点92.1.2一次拟合：五个重合点162.1.3一次拟合：六个重合点232.1.4一次拟合：八个重合点302.1.5一次拟合：十个重合点372.1.6一次拟合：十二个重合点422.1.7一次拟合：十四个重合点472.2二次拟合512.2.1二次拟合：八个重合点522.2.2二次拟合：十个重合点542.2.3二次拟合：十二个重合点572.2.4二次拟合：十四个重合点593多项式曲面模型精度评定结果分析和结论623.1一次拟合精度评定结果分析623.2二次拟合精度评定分析634精度评定模型的建立644.1一次拟合精度评定644.2二次拟合精度评定645总结66致谢67参考文献68前言 1992年国家测绘局制订了我国第一部《全球GPS测量规范》，其中将GPS控制网分为AA-E六个级别。根据规范要求来看GPS定位技术完全可以