不同环境因子对梭梭种子萌发影响.docVIP

不同环境因子对梭梭种子萌发影响 　　摘 要：该文研究了温度、盐分、干旱等环境因子对梭梭种子萌发的影响。结果表明：梭梭种子萌发速率随着温度的降低而减慢，不同温度条件下，梭梭种子的最终萌发率均在90%以上；较高浓度的Nacl溶液，对梭梭种子萌发进程具有抑制作用，当Nacl浓度大于44g/L时，最终萌发率和萌发速率显著降低，盐胁迫复水后的萌发恢复率均在60%以上；梭梭种子只能在渗透势为0～-2.4MPa的条件下萌发，随着干旱胁迫的加强，梭梭种子的萌发率和萌发速率逐渐降低，干旱胁迫复水后的萌发恢复率均在70%以上。通过研究梭梭种子对温度的广泛适应性，以及在盐胁迫和干旱胁迫后种子复水萌发的能力，探索梭梭种子萌发机制，为荒漠区植被恢复和重建提供参考 关键词：种子萌发；梭梭；温度；盐胁迫；干旱胁迫 中图分类号 S793 文?I标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）07-0033-05 Abstract：The influences of temperature，salinity and drought stress on Haloxylon ammodendron seed germination were studied. The results showed that the germination rate reduced when the temperature decreased，its final germination percentage could reach more than 90% in different temperature levels. The germination percentageand germination ratedecreased when the salinity concentration increased，the germination decreased significantly when the concentration of NaCl solution exceeded 44g/L.When the incubated seeds treated in NaCl solution were transferred to distilled，the recovery rate of the germination was more than 60%. H.Ammodendron seed only germinated when the solution osmotic potential higher more than -2.4MPa.With the increase of osmotic stress，H.Ammodendron seeds germination percentage decreased significantly. The re-germination percentage could reach more than 70% after osmotic stresstreatments. We concluded that H.Ammodendron had extensive adaptability to temperature conditions and the re-germination ability after salinity and drought stress. Key words：Seed germination；Haloxylon ammodendron；Temperature；Salt stress；Drought stress 梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）属于藜科多叶旱生植物，是分布于中国西北地区的多年生灌木，具有在干旱、盐碱、营养不良、强风、沙土移动和在强光下生长的特性[1]。其抗旱、抗热、抗寒、耐盐碱性较强，茎枝内盐分含量高达15%左右，喜光，不耐庇荫，适应性强，生长迅速，枝条稠密，根系发达，防风固沙能力强，是我国西北和内蒙古干旱荒漠地区固沙造林的优良树种，也可以作为牲畜的饲料。作为地中海植物区系的重要组成植物，梭梭主要广泛分布于准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地以及一些荒漠地区，是一种典型的沙生植物[2] 关于各种环境因子对梭梭种子萌发的影响已有大量报道[3-5]，其中，温度是决定种子萌发的一个重要因素[6]。一般来说，种子萌发的温度被认为在10℃以上[1，7]。然而一些研究者表明有些物种可以在低温条件下完成萌发。周平等研究表明白梭梭（Halaxylon persicum Bunge）种子在2℃时就可以萌发，当积雪厚度达到22cm时，白梭梭萌发率达到80%以