端午节之习俗.docVIP

端午节之习俗 农历五月初五为端午节，又称端阳节、午日节、五月节、艾节、端五、重午、午日、夏节。 虽然名称不同，但各地人民过节的习俗是相同的。端午节是我国二千多年的旧习俗，每到这一天，家家户户都悬钟馗像，挂艾叶菖蒲，赛龙舟，吃粽子，饮雄黄酒，游百病，佩香囊，备牲醴。悬钟馗像：钟馗捉鬼，是端午节习俗。在江淮地区，家家都悬钟馗像，用以镇宅驱邪。唐明皇开元，自骊山讲武回宫，疟疾大发，梦见二鬼，一大一小，小鬼穿大红无裆裤，偷杨贵妃之香囊和明皇的玉笛，绕殿而跑。大鬼则穿蓝袍戴帽，捉住小鬼，挖掉其眼睛，一口吞下。明皇喝问，大鬼奏曰：臣姓钟馗，即武举不第，愿为陛下除妖魔，明皇醒后，疟疾痊愈，于是令画工吴道子，照梦中所见画成钟馗捉鬼之画像，通令天下于端午时，一律张贴，以驱邪魔。 挂艾叶菖蒲：在端午节，家家都以菖蒲、艾叶、榴花、蒜头、龙船花，制成人形称为艾人。将艾叶悬于堂中，剪为虎形或剪彩为小虎，贴以艾叶，妇人争相佩戴，以僻邪驱瘴。用菖蒲作剑，插于门楣，有驱魔祛鬼之神效。赛龙舟：当时楚人因舍不得贤臣屈原死去，于是有许多人划船追赶拯救。他们争先恐后，追至洞庭湖时不见踪迹，是为龙舟竞渡之起源，后每年五月五日划龙舟以纪念之。借划龙舟驱散江中之鱼，以免鱼吃掉屈原的尸体。竞渡之习，盛行于吴、越、楚。清乾隆二十九年台湾开始有龙舟竞渡，当时台湾知府蒋元君曾在台南市法华寺半月池主持友谊赛。现在台湾每年五月五日都举行龙舟竞赛。香港有竞渡，近来英国人也有仿效我国人作法，组织鬼佬队，进行竞赛活动。吃粽子：荆楚之人，在五月五日煮糯米饭或蒸粽糕投入江中，以祭祀屈原，为恐鱼吃掉，故用竹筒盛装糯米饭掷下，以后渐用粽叶包米代替竹筒。 饮雄黄酒：此种习俗，在长江流域地区的人家很盛行。游百病：此种习俗，盛行于贵州地区的端午习俗。佩香囊：端午节小孩佩香囊，不但有避邪驱瘟之意，而且有襟头点缀之风。香囊内有朱砂、雄黄、香药，外包以丝布，清香四溢，再以五色丝线弦扣成索，作各种不同形状，结成一串，形形色色，玲珑夺目。 daily morning exercises or class-break setting-up exercise and discipline inspection and appraisal of public signs;2, daily cleaning and inspection;3, the daily student school appearance, dress, wearing school card check;4, the daily duty guide to the leadership class discipline three rounds.Weekly moral education work:L, the flag raising ceremony and the national flag speech under the flag raising ceremony held on Monday;2, every week a class meeting, the meeting;3, every week two exercises, cleaning and hygiene, behavior norms, attendance situation published cloth appraisal, and the issue of the code of conduct;;4, weekly work week.Monthly moral education work:1, at least once a month, the theme of education activities, to patriotism education, behavior norms of education as the focus, combined with major retreat day.2, the monthly class quantization assessment and class teacher assessment, selection of behavior for the standard model class.Moral education in each term:1, at the end of each semester to form three good student, outstanding student cadres, civilized student.2, at least once a semester, parents will be.