第八章 分布式计算Chp2-InterprocComm.pdfVIP

Interprocess Communications Mei-Ling L. Liu 1 Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu Interprocess Communications - Operating systems provide facilities for interprocess communications (IPC), such as message queues, semaphores, and shared memory. - Distributed computing systems make use of these facilities to provide application programming interface which allows IPC to be programmed at a higher level of abstraction. - Distributed computing requires information to be exchanged among independent processes. 2 Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu IPC – unicast and multicast In distributed computing, two or more processes engage in IPC in a protocol agreed upon by the processes. A process may be a sender at some points during a protocol, a receiver at other points. When communication is from one process to a single other process, the IPC is said to be a unicast. When communication is from one process to a group of processes, the IPC is said to be a multicast, a topic that we will explore in a later chapter. 3 Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu Unicast vs. Multicast P2 P2 P3 ... P4 m m m m P1 P1 unicast multi cast 4 Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu Interprocess Communications in Distributed Computing Process 1 Process 2 data