35_Electromagnetic Fields(电磁场).pdfVIP

35 Electromagnetic Fields 35.1 Maxwell Equations 35.2 Constitutive Relations Anisotropic and Bianisotropic Media • Biisotropic Jin Au Kong Media • Constitutive Matrices Massachusetts Institute 35.3 Wave Equations and Wave Solutions of Technology Wave Solution • Wave Vector k • Wavenumbers k 35.1 Maxwell Equations1 The fundamental equations of electromagnetic theory were established by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873. In three-dimensional vector notation, the Maxwell equations are — ¥ E (r ,t ) + B (r ,t ) = 0 (35.1) t — ¥ H (r ,t ) – D (r ,t ) = J (r ,t ) (35.2) t — B (r ,t ) = 0 (35.3) — D (r ,t ) = r(r ,t ) (35.4) – – – – where E , B , H , D , J , and r are real functions of position and time. E r , t = electric field strength (volts/m) ( ) B r , t = magnetic flux density (webers/m 2 ) ( ) H r , t