Basic concepts and taxonomy of dependable and secure computing-英文文献.pdf

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING, VOL. 1, NO. 1, JANUARY-MARCH 2004 11 Basic Concepts and Taxonomy of Dependable and Secure Computing Algirdas Avizzienis, Fellow, IEEE, Jean-Claude Laprie, Brian Randell, and Carl Landwehr, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—This paper gives the main definitions relating to dependability, a generic concept including as special case such attributes as reliability, availability, safety, integrity, maintainability, etc. Security brings in concerns for confidentiality, in addition to availability and integrity. Basic definitions are given first. They are then commented upon, and supplemented by additional definitions, which address the threats to dependability and security (faults, errors, failures), their attributes, and the means for their achievement (fault prevention, fault tolerance, fault removal, fault forecasting). The aim is to explicate a set of general concepts, of relevance across a wide range of situations and, therefore, helping communication and cooperation among a number of scientific and technical communities, including ones that are concentrating on particular types of system, of system failures, or of causes of system failures. Index Terms—Dependability, security, trust, faults, errors, failures, vulnerabilities, attacks, fault tolerance, fault removal, fault forecasting. 1 INTRODUCTION HIS paper aims to give precise definitions characterizing other bodies (including standardization organizations) Tthe various concepts that come into play when addres- and 2) for educational purp