SHELXL介绍ppt1.ppt

Measurement and Determination of Crystal Structures Institute of Crystal Materials State Key Lab of Crystal Materials Course Contents Introduction to Crystallography X-ray Diffraction: Principle and Instrument Structure Solution and Refinement Structure Report and CIF Structure Description Introduction to Crystallography Crystallography What are Crystals? Features of Crystalline Materials Transparency Regular shapes Melting points Anisotropic properties Shining and beautiful ............................. Views by crystallographier Crystals are solids with order atomic arrangement in all three spatial dimensions Order in Atomic Arrangements No order ---No regular spatial relationship between atoms, e.g., monatomic gases Short-ranged order ---Nearest neighbors may have fixed orientations and separations, e.g. inorganic glasses, noncrystalline polymers, molecular liquid. Long-ranged order ---Identical structural units repeating continuously in three dimensions over hundreds of atomic spacings — periodicity Lattices Crystals have translational symmetry: it is possible to identify a set of regular points, known as the lattice points, each of which has a identical environment. A lattice is a mathematic construct that describes the symmetry of spatially periodic arrangements. Translation vectors between nearest-neighbor lattice points describe the periodicity of the lattice. A unit cell may be defined by three non-coplanar basis vectors, each of which represents translations between two lattice points. Homework Please draw out the unit cell and the primitive cell for a C-centered crystal. * Graduate Course ICM Sheng-Qing Xia Definition - The experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in solids. In a world it is the scientific study of crystalline materials (crystals). The word crystallography is derived from the Greek words: crystallon and graphein crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with som