全站仪在各种工程施工放样中的应用.doc

摘要 近年来，随着一些新技术的广泛应用，全站仪这种具有测量无接触、实时、自动、高精度等优越性能的仪器，已逐步被应用到各类工程的施工放样的工作中，了解全站仪的原理、特点及应用知识，对工程施工测量工作具有重要的意义。本文结合全站仪的特点及工作原理，浅谈了全站仪在道路工程、地下管线工程、建筑工程、桥梁工程、井下工程、水利及堤防工程中施工放样的应用，根据不同的工程特点运用不同的方法放样出所需的工程点位，以及相同工程中不同的放样方法，有些方法结合实例给出，从而满足不同的放样精度要求，使全站仪的使用仅不仅仅限于几项常用的功能，尽可能多的发挥出全部性能。正确的全站仪使用方法可以极大地降低工程施工技术人员的劳动强度, 可以提高了施工人员的劳动效率,同时也可以大大降低工程的成本。对充分发挥全站仪在工程施工放样中的作用作一些必要的帮助 。 关键词： 全站仪 施工放样 放样精度 三角高程 Abstract In recent years, with the wide application of new technology of total station instrument with this measurement, non-contact, real-time, automatic, high precision and superior performance of the instrument, has gradually been applied to various types of Engineering Construction Setting-out work, understanding of total station instrument principle, characteristics and application of knowledge, construction survey is important meaning of. In this paper the characteristic and working principle of total station instrument, of the total station instrument in road engineering, underground pipeline engineering, construction engineering, bridge engineering, underground engineering, water conservancy and levee construction lofting applications, according to the different characteristics of engineering use different methods for setting out the required engineering point, and the same in different engineering lofting method, some methods with examples given, so as to meet the needs of different lofting accuracy requirements, so that the total station instrument use is not limited to several commonly used functions, as much as possible to play a full performance. The correct total station using the method can greatly reduce the construction and technical personnels labor intensity, can improve the construction personnel labor efficiency, but also can greatly reduce the cost of the project. To make full use of the total station instrument in engineering construction loftings role in making the necessary help. Key words: Total station ；Construction lofting ；Lofting accuracy；Trigonom