中国药科大学 线性吹您数 2.7.pptVIP

第七节 矩阵的秩 一、矩阵秩的概念 性质1 行阶梯行矩阵的秩等于它非零行的行数. 性质2 任意一个矩阵A都可以经过若干次初等变换以后得到一个行阶梯形矩阵. 性质3 初等变化不改变矩阵的秩. 性质4 n阶可逆矩阵的秩为n,反之亦然. 定理6 任何一个矩阵A都可以经过一系列初等变换得到行阶梯形矩阵,矩阵A的秩就等于行阶梯形矩阵非零行的行数. 三、矩阵秩的性质 定理7 设Am×n,则 (1) 0≤R(A) ≤min{m,n} (2)R(A)=R(AT) 定理8 设Am×n ,B和C分别是m阶和n阶满秩方阵,则 R(A)=R(BA)=R(AC) 思考题 思考题解答 * * * * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 矩阵的秩 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例1 解 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例2 解 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例3 解 计算A的3阶子式， Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 另解 显然，非零行的行数为2， 此方法简单！ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二、初等变换求矩阵秩的方法： 把矩阵用初等行变换变成为行阶梯形矩阵，行阶梯形矩阵中非零行的行数就是矩阵的秩. 例4 解 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 由阶梯形矩阵有三个非零行可知 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Lt