文体学 Reference and Substitution.pptVIP

II OBJECTIVES: 1. Reference   2. Substitution  I TOPIC: Chapter Five: Text Structure——Cohesion ? 1. Introduction 1.1 Text Texts are made up of sentences, just as houses are made up of bricks, posts, beams, and so on. But that is clearly not the whole story in either case. You don’t build a house simply by bringing brick, beams, etc. together; you have to fasten or bond them together in a variety of ways. The same applies to texts: sentences must be bound together and cross-linked. A text is an integrated structure, and it needs various