分布式系统及管理chapter_5 Naming.pptVIP

* * The obvious draw of this approach is that we lose the structure of the original name. This loss may prevent efficient implementations of for example, finding all children in a specific domain. The most important types of resource records forming the contents of nodes in the DNS name space. Contents of a node. Note that these are usually not stored with the node itself. * * The node cs.vu.nl represents the domain as well as the zone. Its SOA resource record contains specific information on the validity of this file. 主机star.cs.vu.nl作为这个区域的一个名称服务器运行。名称服务器对于任何名称服务都是很关键的。可以看到，为了增强这个服务器的健壮性，提供了两个分开的网络接口，每一个都由一条独立的A资源记录来代表。 * 3 flat names are good for machines, but are generally not very convenient for humans to use. As an alternative, naming systems generally support structured names that are composed from simple huamn readable names. 4 Finally, humans often prefer to describe entities by means of various characteristics, leading to a situation in which we need to resolve a description by means of attributes to an entity adhering to that description. This type of name resolution is notoriously difficult and we will pay separate attention to it. 分布式系统中的名称是由位或者字符所组成的串，它用来指向一个实体。分布式系统中的实体几乎可以是任何事物。典型的实例如主机、打印机、磁盘和文件等资源。通常得到明确命名的众所周知的其他实体实例还有进程、用户、邮箱、Web页面、网络连接，等等。 分布式系统中的名称都组织在通常所说的名称空间中。 名称空间为通过名称来存储和检索实体的信息提供了一套便利的机制。更一般地讲，给定一个路径名，应该能够查找出存储在该名称所指向的节点中的任何信息。查询名称的过程称为名称解析。 * * Finally, humans often prefer to describe entities by means of various characteristics, leading to a situation in which we need to resolve a description by means of attributes to en entity adhering to that description. This type of name resolution is notoriously difficult and we will pay separate attention to it. 。。。。。。。。 5.4. Attribute-Based Naming Flat and structured names generally provide a unique and location-independent way of referring to entities. Moreover, structured names have been partly designed to provide a human-friendly way to name entities so that they can be conveniently acce