压电陶瓷(国外英语资料).doc

压电陶瓷 Basic concept The so-called piezoelectric effect is that some of the medium under the action of force, deformation, causing the surface of the dielectric charged, which is the positive piezoelectric effect. On the contrary, if the exciting electric field is applied, the medium will produce mechanical deformation, which is called converse piezoelectric effect. This wonderful effect has been applied by scientists to many fields that are closely related to peoples lives, to realize energy conversion, sensing, driving, frequency control and other functions. In the aspect of energy conversion, using piezoelectric ceramics to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, a piezoelectric igniter, a movable X light source and a shell detonation device can be produced. The electronic cigarette lighter has a flint made of piezoelectric ceramic, and the number of fires can be more than 1 million times. Piezoelectric ceramic for converting electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration, can be used to explore the position and shape of the fish under the water, non-destructive testing of metal, and ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic medical treatment, but also can be made into all kinds of ultrasonic cutter, welding equipment and processing of iron, plastic or metal. Edit this paragraph find In some materials, the polarization of the positive and negative charge centers is caused by mechanical stress, which results in the sign of opposite bound charge at the ends of the material, called piezoelectric effect. Ceramics with this property are called piezoelectric ceramics. The density of the surface charge is proportional to the mechanical stress. On the contrary, when the material is under the action of an external electric field, the center of the positive and negative charge is shifted, and then the mechanical deformation of the material occurs, and the magnitude of the deformation is proportional to the electric field strength. 1946 Massachusetts Institute of Technology ins