2016年中考英语专题11动词的语态试题(含解析).doc

专题1 动词的语态 ?解读考点 ： The teacher made me go out of the classroom. I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). 4) wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如： The food tastes good. 【名师点睛】 一、重点 1 .被动语态的构成： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词。 助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。 (1)一般现在时的被动语态： am(is ,are) + 动词过去分词 Rice is grown in China .中国出产大米。 (2)一般过去时的被动语态： was(were) + 动词过去分词 These photos were taken last year .这些照片是去年照的。 (3)含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + 动词过去分词 This car can be mended in an hour .这辆小汽车一小时就能修好。 2 .主动语态变被动语态的方法： (1)把主动语态的宾语提前变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把主动语态的谓语动词变为被动结构。但时态应保持一致，但人称和数的形式取决于被动语态的主语。 (3)把主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，有时可以省略。 二、难点 (1)被动语态的用法(即何时用被动语态)。 (2)主动语态变被动语态的方法(怎样变)。 三、考点 (1)一般现在时的被动语态。 (2)一般过去时的被动语态。 (3)含有情态动词的被动语态。 (4)将主动语态的句子变为被动语态。有关动词的语态在历年各地中考题中约占3分左右。 四．主动语态改成被动语态方法　　 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语； 2. 谓语动词变为be+及物动词的过去分词，并通过be的变化来表达出 不同的时态； 3主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by的短语可以省略）； 例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week . ： 1. ：is / am / are + Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + A new shop was built last year. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + This book has been translated into many languages. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 　　Young trees must be watered often. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + There are tw o books to be read. → 　　There are twenty more trees to be planted. 六、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： What will happen in 100 years. 　　The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This pen writes well. 　This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省 略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。 　　 例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do so mething→somebody +be +seen to do something 　　 The boss made the little boy do heavy