基于STM32的红外测距系统设计.doc

基于STM32的红外测距系统设计 摘 要 随着现代科学技术的发展，出现了很多新的领域，为了实现对物体近距离、高精度的无线测量，本论文对红外测距领域进行了研究。本论文采用单片机作为处理器，编写A/D转换程序及LCD显示程序，红外传感器作为工作模块，完成一套高精度显示、实时测量的红外测距系统。本系统结构简单、体积小、测量精度高、成本低、方便使用。 本论文所介绍的是一种基于STM32单片机并运用日本夏普公司型号为GP2Y0A21的红外传感器所设计的红外测距系统。首先，介绍红外线及红外传感器的分类及应用、STM32单片机的简介与功能；其次，阐述红外测距系统工作原理及基本结构并对单片机、红外传感器、LCD液晶显示屏的工作电路做了介绍；再次，对系统进行了整体设计构想，先后对系统硬件及软件进行设计，并对整个系统的功能进行了调试。最后对整个设计进行总结，说明红外测距系统实现的可行性。 关键词　红外测距；单片机；A/D转换；LCD STM32-based infrared ranging system design Abstract With the development of modern science and technology, there are many new areas, in order to achieve the object close range, high-precision wireless measurement，this topic of infrared ranging is studied. This topic using SCM as the processor, to write A/D converter and LCD display program, an infrared sensor as a working module, complete set of precision display, real-time measurement of infrared ranging system. This system has the advantages of simple structure, small size and high accuracy, low cost and convenient use. This paper introduced is based STM32 microcontroller and use of Japans Sharp Corporation model GP2Y0A21 infrared sensor designed infrared ranging system. Firstly, introduce the classification and application of infrared distance measurement，it also introduces the function of STM32 microcontroller. Then illustrate the work theory and basic structure of it and introduce the LCD screen and work circuit. Again, the system has carried on the overall design idea, successively on the system hardware and software design, and probes into the function of the whole system debugging. Finally, summarize the entire design to illustrate the feasibility of infrared distance measurement. Keywords　 Infrared range, SCM, A/D converter, LCD 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 4 1.1 课题研究背景及意义 4 1.2 本论文主要研究内容 4 第2章 红外测距系统硬件设计 6 2.1 红外测距系统的工作原理 6 2.1.1 时间差法测距原理 6 2.1.2 反射能量法测距原理 6 2.1.3 相位法测距原理 6 2.1.4 三角法测距原理 7 2.2 红外测距系统的基本结构 7 2.2.1 红外传感器模块 8 2.2.2 单片机处理模块 9 2.2.3 LCD显示模块 16 2.3 本章小结 17 第3章 红外测距系统的软件设计及功能调试 18 3.1 红外测距