宾语从句、状语从句.ppt

每日一句： Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 宾语从句 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 （一） 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语 和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. （二）宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. （三）宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting. He asked if you had written to Peter. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。 例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 1.—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum? --Of course. You can take bus No.1. A. where B. how C. if D. why 答案：B 2. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________? A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it 答案：C 3. -Tommy, do you know if Frank ___ to the zoo this Sunday if it ____? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going