火蔓延模型(翻译).docx

火蔓延模型总结 逆风火蔓延 逆风火蔓延指的是火在自然对流条件下或者风速与火蔓延速率相反条件下的蔓延（Figure 1a）。由于逆风条件不利于火焰前方的热传递，火在这种条件下蔓延速率通常较小。由于逆风火蔓延实验研究相对简单，现在已有大量逆风火蔓延的实验数据。 文献中现有的理论模型是传热模型。在这些模型中，火蔓延速率即为材料在火焰和外界热源作用下表面温度从初始值升到指定温度的速率。这个指定的温度通常认为是固体材料的蒸发温度。燃料的热解过程通常是不考虑的，且假设材料在温度达到蒸发温度后立马蒸发。这一过程可以用固相的能量守恒来进行分析，气固界面的初始条件由实验测量 ADDIN EN.CITE EndNoteCiteAuthorParker/AuthorYear1972/YearRecNum496/RecNumDisplayText(Parker 1972; Hirano, Noreikis, and Waterman 1973)/DisplayTextrecordrec-number496/rec-numberforeign-keyskey app=EN db-id=wzwr2tsd4tp0f6evtrzxpxwq9xsep0da2wr9 timestamp=1481704909496/key/foreign-keysref-type name=Journal Article17/ref-typecontributorsauthorsauthorParker, WJ/author/authors/contributorstitlestitleFlame spread model for cellulosic materials/titlesecondary-titleJournal of Fire and Flammability/secondary-title/titlesperiodicalfull-titleJournal of Fire and Flammability/full-title/periodicalpages254-269/pagesvolume3/volumenumber3/numberdatesyear1972/year/datesurls/urls/record/CiteCiteAuthorHirano/AuthorYear1973/YearRecNum495/RecNumrecordrec-number495/rec-numberforeign-keyskey app=EN db-id=wzwr2tsd4tp0f6evtrzxpxwq9xsep0da2wr9 timestamp=1481704374495/key/foreign-keysref-type name=Report27/ref-typecontributorsauthorsauthorHirano, T/authorauthorNoreikis, S/authorauthorWaterman, TE/author/authors/contributorstitlestitleMeasured Velocity and Temperature Profiles of Flames Spreading Over A Thin Combustible Solid/title/titlesdatesyear1973/year/datespublisherInterim Technical Report/publisherurls/urls/record/Cite/EndNote(Parker 1972; Hirano, Noreikis, and Waterman 1973)获得（热流密度和加热长度）。这些模型不求解气相方程，因此并不能正确的模拟火蔓延过程，但给定一个气相边界条件后就能独立运算预测火蔓延。 ADDIN EN.CITE EndNoteCiteAuthorDe Ris/AuthorYear1969/YearRecNum498/RecNumDisplayText(De Ris 1969)/DisplayTextrecordrec-number498/rec-numberforeign-keyskey app=EN db-id=wzwr2tsd4tp0f6evtrzxpxwq9xsep0da2wr9 timestamp=1481705159498/key/foreign-keysref-type name=Conference Proceedings10/ref-typecontributorsauthorsauthorDe Ris, JN/author/authors/contributorstitlestitleSpread of