科学与基础英文词汇资料.docx

材料科学基础名称与术语绪论材料科学基础常用英语词汇材料的类型Types?of?materials,?metals,?ceramics,?polymers,?composites,?elastomer?部分材料性质复习Review?of?selected?properties?of?materials,??电导率和电阻率conductivity?and?resistivity,??热导率thermal?conductivity,??应力和应变stress?and?strain,??弹性应变elastic?strain,??塑性应变plastic?strain,??屈服强度yield?strength,??最大抗拉强度ultimate?tensile?strength,??最大强度ultimate?strength,延展性ductility,??伸长率elongation,??断面收缩率reduction?of?area,??颈缩necking,??断裂强度breaking?strength,??韧性toughness,??硬度hardness,??疲劳强度fatigue?strength,??蜂窝honeycomb,??热脆性heat?shortness,?晶胞中的原子数atoms?per?cell,?点阵参数lattice?parameter,??密排六方hexagonal?close-packed,??六方晶胞hexagonal?unit?cell,??体心立方body-centered?cubic,??面心立方face-centered?cubic,??弥勒指数Miller?indices,??晶面crystal?plane,??晶系crystal?system,??晶向crystal?direction,?相变机理Phase?transformation?mechanism:??成核生长相变nucleation–growth?transition,??斯宾那多分解spinodal?decomposition,??有序无序转变disordered-order?transition,马氏体相变martensite?phase?transformation，?成核nucleation,??成核机理nucleation?mechanism,??成核势垒nucleation?barrier,??晶核，结晶中心nucleus?of?crystal,??（金属组织的）基体quay,??基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,??子晶，雏晶matted?crystal,??耔晶，晶种seed?crystal,??耔晶取向seed?orientation,籽晶生长seeded?growth,??均质核化homogeneous?nucleation,??异质核化heterogeneous?nucleation,??均匀化热处理homogenization?heat?treatment,??熟料grog,?自恰场self-consistent?field?固溶体Solid?solution:??有序固溶体ordered?solid?solution,??无序固溶体disordered?solid?solution,??有序合金ordered?alloy,??无序合金disordered?alloy.??无序点阵disordered?lattice,??分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,?分散剂dispersant,??分散剂，添加剂dispersant?additive,??分散剂，?弥散剂dispersant?agent?缺陷defect,?imperfection,??点缺陷point?defect,?线缺陷?line?defect,?dislocation,??面缺陷interface?defect,?surface?defect,??体缺陷volume?defect,??位错排列dislocation?arrangement,??位错阵列dislocation?array,??位错气团dislocation?atmosphere,位错胞dislocation?cell,??位错爬移dislocation?climb,??位错滑移dislocation?slip,?dislocation?movement?by?slip,??位错聚结dislocation?coalescence,??位错核心能量dislocation?core?energy,??位错裂纹dislocation?crack,??位错阻尼dislocation?damping,??位错密度dislocation?density,??体积膨胀volume?dilation,