专四语法知识小结.pptVIP

52. as做关系代词引导定语从句 as引导定语从句时，可以指人也可以指物，as在定语从句中可以做主语，宾语和表语。常用结构有：the same...as; such...as; as...as; so...as. e.g: I lend you such books as will interest you. Don’t read such books as will defile your mind. She knew he felt just the same as she did. Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. From this library we can borrow as many books as we want to read. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. 64.as引导比较状语从句 as引导比较状语从句通常使用“as+系动词，助动词或情态动词+sb”结构，意为“某人也一样”。 e.g: Frank is a fine athlete, as was his farther before him. I travel to London every day, as do most of the people who live in this village. Jerry is a good teacher, as are his family. 举一反三： Heat does not travel by convection in solid, because the solid does not move,______ a liquid. A.and does not B.also does C.as does D.as well as 专四辅导八 知识点小结 关于完形填空 主要测试词汇辨析、习惯用法、语法结构及逻辑推理和语篇理解等方面的知识和能力 解题时分“总、分、总”三步走。 1.对含义明显的词汇，固定搭配或习惯用法，常用句式等纯语言知识问题，可以边读边随时猜测出答案，包括介词的用法，倒装句、虚拟语气等固定的句型或语法。 2.针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜测出答案的题目利用上下文中字里行间的线索才能猜测出答案。此时，应该先看清题区的句法关系，辨别句子是简单句、并列句还是主从复合句，并根据语法判断词性，然后根据学生自己的生活常识、背景知识与文章主题，猜测该词或短语的语义范围。 针对最后难关，直接对照选项利用前两轮已填入的选项缩小填空范围，采用排除法，排除不恰当的选项，最后敲定答案。 3.检查。 1).所选的单词或短语是否符合本句内容，使上下文连贯和谐，与全文意义相协调。 2).所选的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配。 3).所选的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求。 4).所选词本身或附近的词有无特殊要求，必要时对个别答案仍需推敲，发现不妥，要重新考虑，但应慎重，无绝对把握，仍应相信第一感觉。 在做题时，还需要注意一种现象，即从原文中寻找答案。 语法： 1.非谓语动词 （1）非谓语动词的否定形式：not放在整个非谓语结构前面 Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life. （2）cannot help but, rather than,sooner than, had better短语后接不带to的不定式。 He said hed sooner die than betray his friend. （3）He wanted nothing but to stay there. They did nothing but complain. （4）表示已经完成的动作或体现主从句谓语动作时间上的先后，使用现在分词的完成时。如： Having finished his homework, he went to watch TV. （5）当分词有独立主语（不同于主句主语的名词或者代词）时，则是一种独立结构形式。例如： The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. （6）现在分词being在独立结构中往往被省略。如： He came into the room, his face (being) red with cold. （7）动名词—名词；习惯性动作 不定式—将来；一次性动作 现在分词: 动作正在进行；表主动 过去分词: 动作已经完成；表被动 解题时候需要注意：逗号，连词 如果在句子中有逗号但没有连词来连接句子的前后两个部分，那么在解题时我们可以考虑的方向为：