高中英语虚拟语气精讲.doc

高中英语虚拟语气讲解 热点考点回顾 （一）1.语气概述　　语气是动词的又一种形式，通过说话人所说的话体现出说话人对某一个动作或状态所持的态度和看法。英语中有三种语气：??????? .陈述语气——用来陈述事实，广泛用于陈述句和疑问句中。现行中学英语教材中，绝大部分句子均属陈述句语气，句中谓语动词有各种时态和语态变化。??????? .祈使语气——用来提出请求、要求、发出命令等，只用于祈使句。??????? .虚拟语气——用于表达一种假设情况、主观愿望、请求建议等，即所说内容与事实相反，或者实现的可能性极小，或者是假想虑拟的情况。 （练习）判断下列各句属于哪种语气。??????? ①?On the way up, I am busy taking pictures.??????? ②?Nike, fetch me some newspapers.??????? ③?What if I were you???????? ④?Don’t forget to turn off the light.??????? ⑤?He always takes his wife seriously.??????? ⑥?I wish I would fly to the moon. 2.条件句中　　条件句指主从复合句中的条件状语从句，分为真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句表示所叙述的内容是事实，或者完全可能成为现实，句子中的谓语动词用陈述语气；非真实条件句表示所叙述的内容与事实相反或实现的可能性极小，句子中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。??????? （练习）判断下列各句属于哪种条件句。??????? ①?If he doesn’t hurry, he miss the bus.??????? ②?If I were you, I would accept his offer.??????? ③?If I have time, I will come.??????? ④?If you hadn’t come to his school, I wouldn’t have known you.真实条件句　　真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。时态关系句型： 条件从句主句　　一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形　　If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题　　The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.　　A.will rainB. rains C. rained D. is rained注意：1) 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.　　(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.　　(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.　　2) 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 非真实条件句a.同现在事实相反的假设　　条件从句用过去时态，如果是be动词时一律用were 主句用should( would) +动词原形If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。 ：If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。b.表示于过去事实相反的假设条件从句用过去完成时（had done），主句用should(would) have+ If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。 c.表示对将来事实相反的假想条件从句一般过去should+ 动词原形were to do 主句would/should+ 动词原形 If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his tim