Java并发编程实践：Callable异步回调Future、FutureTask用法.docVIP

Java并发编程实践：Callable异步回调Future、FutureTask用法 Callable接口类似于Runnable，从名字就可以看出来了，但是Runnable不会返回结果，并且无法抛出返回结果的异常，而Callable功能更强大一些，被线程执行后，可以返回值，这个返回值可以被Future拿到。FutureTask实现了两个接口，Runnable和Future，所以它既可以作为Runnable被线程执行，又可以作为Future得到Callable的返回值，那么这个组合的使用有什么好处呢？假设有一个很耗时的返回值需要计算，并且这个返回值不是立刻需要的话，那么就可以使用这个组合，用另一个线程去计算返回值，而当前线程在使用这个返回值之前可以做其它的操作，等到需要这个返回值时，再通过Future得到。 Future特性 需要明确一点：Java.util.concurrent.Future 是一个异步回调接口。 Future接口源码 [java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片 /* * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms. * */ /* * * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at * /publicdomain/zero/1.0/ */ package java.util.concurrent; /** * A ttFuture/tt represents the result of an asynchronous * computation. Methods are provided to check if the computation is * complete, to wait for its completion, and to retrieve the result of * the computation. The result can only be retrieved using method * ttget/tt when the computation has completed, blocking if * necessary until it is ready. Cancellation is performed by the * ttcancel/tt method. Additional methods are provided to * determine if the task completed normally or was cancelled. Once a * computation has completed, the computation cannot be cancelled. * If you would like to use a ttFuture/tt for the sake * of cancellability but not provide a usable result, you can * declare types of the form {@code Future?} and * return ttnull/tt as a result of the underlying task. * * p * bSample Usage/b (Note that the following classes are all * made-up.) p * pre {@code * interface ArchiveSearcher { String search(String target); } * class App { * ExecutorService executor = ... * ArchiveSearcher searcher = ... * void showSearch(final String target) * throws InterruptedException { * FutureString future * = executor.submit(new