非晶 半导体 太阳能电池.ppt

Two Photovoltaic Cell Types Improving Solar Cell Efficiency MSE-630 An originally amorphous layer can be locally crystallized when exposed to a laser pulse. The difference in optical properties between glass and crystal is the basis for optical recording Crystallization of a GST film by a long lower-intensity pulse and its amorphization by a short higher-intensity pulse Structure of a crystallized GST. The larger white circles represent Te sites, smaller black/white circles represent Sb/Ge sites, and dashed circles represent Sb/Ge vacancies GST: Ge-Sb-Te chalcogenide glasses Because there is little volume change in GST between glass and crystalline phases, little atomic movement is required, and it can change shape very quickly The GST layer is sandwiched between two protection layers. Each layer is ~20-100 nm thick MSE-630 MSE-630 * MSE-630 Amorphous Semiconductors And Solar Cells MSE-630 Amorphous Semiconductors are used in many applications, including: Solar Cells Switching devices Thin Film Displays Electrophotography MSE-630 Thin-Film Transistor (TFT) LCD Displays Liquid Crystal Displays Developed by RCA Laboratories in 1968 Work by acting as a “light valve” either blocking light or allowing it to pass An electric field is applied to alter the properties of each Liquid Crystal Cell (LCC) to change each pixel’s light absorption properties Colors are added through filtering process Modern Laptops produce virtually unlimited colors at very high resolution Thin-Film Transistor (TFT) LCD Displays Path of light through a TFT LCD Light comes from behind – either LED or fluorescent source Beam of light is polarized, then goes through TFT matrix, which decides which pixels should be “on” or “off” If “on”, molecules in LCC will align in a single direction, allowing light to pass Color filters block all wavelengths of light except those within the range of the pixel. Areas between pixels are printed black to increase contrast. Exiting light passes through another