改性木屑对海上溢油的吸附-环境工程学报.PDF

第 11卷　 第5 期 环 境 工 程 学 报 Vol. 11,No.5 2 0 1 7 年 5 月 Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering May 2 0 1 7 改性木屑对海上溢油的吸附 ∗ 王艳敏,丁文明 ,蔡静 北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京 100029 摘　 要　 为提高吸油倍率降低吸水倍率,对天然松木屑进行了改性,得到了一种新的除油吸附剂。 对该吸附剂的吸油吸水 性能进行测定,并确定最佳条件。 结果显示:改性木屑吸油效果提升显著,在纯原油中吸油倍率是天然松木屑的2.50 倍; 吸水倍率降低了80% ;漂浮性能好;吸附2 min就能达到吸附平衡,吸附速率是原始松木屑和活性炭的15倍;粒径对改性木 屑吸水吸油性能基本无影响;低温和中性条件有利于油的吸附。 关键词　 改性木屑;溢油;吸附 中图分类号　 X55　　 文献标识码　 A　　 文章编号　 1673-9108(2017)05-2705-06　　 DOI　 10.12030/ j.cjee.201601175 Adsorption of oil spill by modified sawdust ∗ WANG Yanmin,DING Wenming ,CAI Jing College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China Abstract　 In order to improve the oil adsorption performance of natural sawdust while simultaneously reducing water adsorption,a new oil removal adsorbent was made by modifying natural sawdust material. Then,the ad- sorption performance of this new material for both oil and water were tested and the influencing factorswere eval- uated. Results showed that the modified material had a much greater capacity for oil adsorption compared to raw sawdust,i.e. , the new material soaked up 2.5 times more pure oil than unmodified sawdust. Furthermore, compared with raw sawdust,the water adsorption capacity of the new material decreased by 80%. The modified sawdust demonstrated good floating performance, and the equilibrium time for oil adsorption onto the modified sawdust was only 2 min;overall,the adsorption rate was 15 times greater with the new material compared to the rates achieved with raw sawdust and activated carbon. The grain diameter size did not readily affect the adsorp- tion performance for oil/ water. Low temperatures and neutral conditions favored the adsorption of oil. Key words　 modified sawdust;oil spill;adsorption 　 　 石油在开采、运输以及储存过程都存在泄漏危险。 这些溢油形成油膜