神经生物学概述概要1.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * History of neuroanatomical techniques: 1873: Golgi impregnation 1885: Selective stains for degenerating myelinated fibers (Marchi and Algeri) Mid 1950s: selective silver staining for all fibers (Nauta) 1970s: antibody staining, fluorescent markers, radiolabelled amino acids, retrograde tracers, in situ hybridization of nucleic acids * * Thank You for Your Attention！ * * * * * * * * * * Andreas Vesalius，1514～1564。中世纪欧洲佛兰德(Flemish)地方的医师及意大利帕度亚(Padua)城的解剖学教授。1543年出版《人体结构》(七卷)(De humani corporis fabricalibri septem)，创立现代解剖学；追随Galen的主张，进行解剖与观察，并推翻了Galen本人的解剖学(未实际进行人体解剖)；对解剖学命名建立了标准化方法，并在骨学与肌学上作出了重要贡献；在心脏方面抛弃了Galen的可渗透隔膜理论。由于旧正统学派的狂暴非难和攻击，致使Vesalius被逐出帕度亚，流亡西班牙，在该处Vesalius担任查利五世皇帝的御医。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Neurobiology Zheng-Xing Wu, Ph. D. * What is Neurobiology Biology of nervous system, including structure in molecular to systematic levels, function of nervous system, development. It is a major part of neuroscience. * Why to Study Neurobiology? Neuroscience is frontier and hotspot of contemporary natural science; maybe the last fortress of and challenge to human intelligence. It is urgent to study and understand physiological and pharmacological activity of the nervous system. * What Contends Should We Know? Neuroanatomy, development of nervous system, neurocytology—major division of CNS, induction, generation, guidance of neurons; formation and regeneration of synapses, aging, Alzeimers and Huntington disease. The mechanisms of neuron activities on the cellular and molecular level—electrophysiology; neuro-signals transmission and its modulation; synthesis, trafficking, releasing and recycling of neuronal protein, classical neurotransmitter and neuropeptides. Biological basis of consciousness and mental process by which we perceive, act, learn and memory. Neuroendocrine and immunology. * Histories and Milestones of Neuroscience Research * Men ought to know that from nothing else but the brain come joys（喜悦）,