对汶川地震中两种典型倒塌模式设计反思.pdfVIP

第 21 卷 第 4 期 湖南理工学院学报( 自然科学版) Vol.21 No.4 2008 年 12 月 Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology (Natural Sciences) Dec. 2008 对汶川地震中两种典型倒塌模式的设计反思 甘文举, 宋彬彬 (湖南理工学院 土木建筑系, 湖南 岳阳 414006) 摘 要 ：通过对 5.12 汶川大地震中楼盖、屋盖失效及底部楼层墙柱剪切失效造成房屋倒塌的两种破坏模式的分析, 说 明建筑物的整体性、延性、多道防线是抗震核心；摈弃装配式楼板, 限制装配整体式楼板, 发展现浇整体式楼板为当务之 急；在房屋加强整体性能和变形能力的同时, 适当设置底部约束加强层或采取增大基底阻尼的隔震处理, 对地面运动传递 或衰减意义明显, 是防止第二类倒塌的有效措施. 关键词：汶川地震; 倒塌模式; 设计 中图分类号: TU318 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1672-5298(2008)04-0073-05 Reflection on Design of Two Typical Collapse Patterns of Buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake GAN Wen-ju, SONG Bin-bin （Department of Civil Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang,414006, China ） Abstract: Through analysis of two failure modes of the collapse of buildings caused by both invalidation of roof and floor and shear failure of skin and column of bottom floor in the massive earthquake in Wenchuan on May 12th,2008,it indicated that massive character, ductility, multi-line of defense of buildings are the core of earthquake resistance. It also showed that the urgent affair is to abandon prefabricated floors, confine prefabricated floors with cast-in-place joins and popularize cast-in-situ floors with cast-in-place joins. Besides, Strengthening the integrity and deformation ability of buildings as well as appropriately installing bottom reinforced floor or carrying on treatme nt of base isolation by increasing basal damping were effective measures to prevent the second type of collapse. These measures had a big significance for the transmission or attenuation of ground motion. Key words: Wenchuan earthquake; collapse pattern; design 引 言