工程结构脆性断裂事故分析（Analysis of brittle fracture accident of engineering structure）.doc

工程结构脆性断裂事故分析（Analysis of brittle fracture accident of engineering structure） Analysis of brittle fracture accident of engineering structure Steel brittleness and engineering structure brittle fracture, zhou shunshen, Shanghai science and technology press, 1983 Since the beginning of this century, there have been brittle fracture accidents in the turbines and generators of the Bridges, ships, pressure Windows, pipes, canisters, thermal power generating equipment, and other equipment. In the last 20 years, with the welding structure of the large scale, the steel structure section thickening and the use of high strength steel, it is easy to cause the brittle fracture of the welding structure. For example, due to the large size of the pressure window, the increase of the thick section or the pressure window of the thick section, and the use of the low-temperature pressure vessel in the chemical industry and petroleum industry, the brittle accident superposition occurs. These accidents caused the attention of the world, to promote the study of brittle fracture problem, Britain, Japan and other countries set up special organizations for brittle fracture accident analysis and research, and put forward the engineering structure brittle fracture prevention measures. (1) brittle fracture of pressure vessel Pressure vessel fracture may have plastic fracture, low stress brittle fracture and fatigue damage, especially brittle fracture. When brittle fracture occurs in pressure vessels, the whole structure is destroyed, and the consequences are serious. Early base Shank had surveyed the damage to the pressure vessel, in the investigation report income of brittle fracture of pressure vessel accident 18 cases, one of the most typical example is: 1919 Massachusetts syrup tank brittle fracture accident. The cause of the accident is due to the insufficient strength of the entire storage tank, especially the lack of consideration of local stress concentration, so that the brittle fractu