SAT阅读修辞题总结(包含修辞手法中英对照及重点注释)346.docVIP

simile 明喻? metaphor 隐喻, 暗喻? metonymy 转喻? personification 拟人? onomatopoeia 拟声? analogy 类比? antithesis对照? sarcasm 讽刺? innuendo 暗讽? irony 反语? Pun双关语?oxymoron 矛盾修饰? paradox 似非而是的? epigram 警句 alliteration 头韵?(在一中采用连续几个词相同首字母或声韵的技巧 apostrophe 顿呼在文章或演说中用第二人称称呼在场或不在场的人或拟人的事物)? anti-climaxbathos 突降?(在写作或说话中从庄重到平淡内容的突然转变) climax 渐进?(逐层加强词义的渐进法) syllepsis 一语双叙? zeugma 轭式搭配? transferred Epithet 转类形容词? Understatement：低调的陈述定义：A figure of speech which contains an understatement of emphasis, and therefore the opposite of hyperbole. Often used in everyday speech and usually with laconic or ironic intentions.这种修辞格是故意使用有节制的措辞来陈述事实，故意轻描淡写，借低调与弱化语言形式来表示强调。例子：1.I know he is honest, and I wish I could add he were capable.我知道他是诚实的，我还希望我能说他是能干的。此句也是用虚拟语气来体现understatement，I could add he were capable其实是在说“但他不够能干”。???? 2.The face wasn’t a bad one; it had what they called charm.面孔不算难看，有一般人所称的妩媚。此句不是冲淡她的魅力，而是采用低调渲染，意即The face was sweet; her charm conquered everybody. 明似贬抑，实则褒扬.simile:明喻定义：A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared.明喻是一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.例子：1.He is something of a political chameleon.他有点象政治上的变色龙2.He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.?他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 metaphor：隐喻定义：A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物例子：1.He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠2.The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.??钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 Synecdoche：提喻 定义：又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。例如：? 1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.? 长城不仅是用石头和土建造的，而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的。? 句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”（巨大的牺牲）? 2、“...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...”? ??他说这是世界上最美的语言。? 这里用具体的“tongue”代替抽象的“language”。? 4、Many eyes turned