世界现代史名词解释（Interpretation of the worlds modern history）.docVIP

世界现代史名词解释（Interpretation of the worlds modern history） 1. Sarajevo event: before the first World War, European imperialist powers became extremely sharp, the Balkans conflict is intense. In June 28, 1914, the Austro Hungarian crown prince Archduke Ferdinand to the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo, by the Serbia patriots princip assassinated. Austria Hungary used the incident to issue an ultimatum to Serbia, but refused for Serbia. In July 28th, with the support of Germany, the Austro Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia. Thus, the European imperialist powers have participated in the war, the outbreak of the first World War, Sarajevo became the first World War. Wartime communism: the economic policy adopted by the Soviet Union during the 1918~1920 years of the civil war, with the aim of mobilizing all forces and resources to ensure victory in the civil war. The main measures are: industrial enterprises generally nationalized; surplus collection system implementation; cancel all commodity trade; rationing, forced labor. These policies were not formulated in advance, but were gradually taken along with the continuous development of the domestic political, military and economic situation. As an emergency measure during the civil war, it has completed its historical mission, but as a specific way of building socialism, it has a negative impact on the national economy. In 1921, Russia adopted the new economic policy. New economic policy: the economic policy adopted by the Soviet Union in 1921 when it was transformed from civil war to peaceful economic construction. The main contents are: the use of food tax instead of collection of surplus grain, grain farmers remaining after taxes, free to sell; commercial development within certain limits to allow free trade and private existence; implement economic accounting system in state-owned enterprises, and to lease and lease of state capital forms, some state-owned enterprises leased abroad the capitalists or private business. The