语言学概论期末复习（A review of the introduction to linguistics）.docVIP

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语言学概论期末复习（A review of the introduction to linguistics）.doc

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语言学概论期末复习（A review of the introduction to linguistics）

语言学概论期末复习（A review of the introduction to linguistics） First, fill in the blanks China, India, Greece and Rome are the three main sources of linguistics. The traditional Chinese elementary school includes words, rhyme and exegesis. 3. The language system can be divided into three subsystems: speech, grammar and vocabulary. 4. Functions of language include social function and thinking function. The social function of language includes the function of information transmission and interpersonal interaction, the most basic of which is the information transfer function. (1) the arbitrariness of the language symbol; (2) the line sex of language symbols; (3) hierarchy of language symbols. 6. Language is the symbol system, which summarizes the nature and characteristics of the language itself. Symbols are the unity of form (phonetic) and meaning (meaning), and the form and meaning of symbols are general. 7. Type of symbol: visual, auditory, and tactile. Character of symbol: materiality; Meaning; General; arbitrariness 8. Voice four elements: pitch, pitch, pitch and timbre. 9. The human voice organs are divided into three parts: power (lung); Articulation (vocal cords); Sympathetic cavity (mouth, nasal cavity, pharynx). Phonemes are divided into vowels and consonants. 11. The pitch of the tongue, before and after the circle of the lips determines the sound quality of each vowel. 12. The variation of phoneme is the specific manifestation of phoneme. 13. Adjust position, weight and time position. There are four kinds of common language: assimilation, alienation, weakening and shedding. Classification of grammatical units: morpheme, word, phrase, sentence. The sentence is the largest grammatical unit; The grammar unit, which is smaller than the sentence, is the phrase, word, morpheme. A morpheme is the smallest grammar unit. 16. The relationship between affixes and root morphemes can be divided into prefixes, infixes and suffixes. 17. Characteristics of composite rules: the hie