二 古代中国经济的基本结构与特点（Two, the basic structure and characteristics of ancient Chinese economy）.docVIP

二 古代中国经济的基本结构与特点（Two, the basic structure and characteristics of ancient Chinese economy） The basic structure and characteristics of the ancient Chinese economy I. Supplementary First, the evolution of Chinese ancient production tools and its significance 1, the evolution of production tools: (1) in the material: stone, bone, wood-bronze, iron (2) in the process: playing system-grinding-smelting, casting (3) In traction power: manpower-animal (4) Advances in plough, sowing and irrigation techniques 2, the improvement of the significance: the improvement of production tools is an important indicator of the development of productive forces, is to promote the transformation of relations of production, social progress of the decisive factors. Second, the overall development trend of agriculture in ancient China Times Xia Shang Zhou and before spring and autumn warring States start Tillage, slash-and-burn iron Shong tillage Basic features Alpine intensive cultivation Basic model of agricultural production collective farming (small-scale peasant economy) Initial agricultural traditional agriculture started in the development stage Note: (Chinese traditional agriculture mainly starts from the spring and Autumn Period) 1. Intensive cultivation is a basic characteristic of traditional agricultural economy in China. 2, Iron Shong tillage is the main farming mode of traditional agriculture in our country; 3, self-sufficient natural economy is the basic model of agricultural social production in ancient China Three, the development of intensive cultivation technology 1, the concept: intensive farming refers to a certain area of land, input more production and labor, the use of advanced technical measures to carry out meticulous cultivation, in order to improve the production of unit area. (intensive = farming techniques + tools + farming systems + theoretical guidance + auxiliary measures + crop cultivation) 2. Status: It is the basic characteristic of Chinese traditional agric