词汇学PPT chapter 1.pptVIP

Lexicology: an Introductory Course What is lexicology linguistics? Linguistics is a scientific study of languages. Lexicology is the part of linguistics which studies words, their nature and meaning, words elements, relations between words (semantical relations), word groups and the whole lexicon. The term first appeared in the 1820s, though there were lexicologists in essence before the term was coined. An allied science to lexicology is lexicography, which also studies words in relation with dictionaries – it is actually concerned with the inclusion of words in dictionaries and from that perspective with the whole lexicon. Therefore lexicography is the theory and practice of composing dictionaries. Sometimes lexicography is considered to be a part or a branch of lexicology, but the two disciplines should not be mistaken: only lexicologists who do write dictionaries are lexicographers. It is said that lexicography is the practical lexicology, it is practically oriented though it has its own theory, while the pure lexicology is mainly theoretical. Basic concepts of words and vocabulary The development of the English vocabulary Morphological structure of English words Word formation Word meaning and componential analysis Sense relations Changes in word meaning Meaning and context English idioms English dictionaries Aspect of vocabulary learning Invitation to linguisitics Speech sound （phonetics phonology） From morpheme to phrase （词汇学） From word to text （syntactics 句法学） Meaning （semantics 语义学） Language and cognition Language, culture and society Language in use （pragmatics 语用学） Language and literature Language and computer Linguistics and foreign language teaching Theories and schools of modern linguistics 1.1 What is a Word? A word is a unit of meaning? a minimal free form of a language; a sound unity; a unit of meaning; a form that can function alone in a sentence. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound1, meaning2 and3