年中考英语语法专题复习31.pptVIP

直接引语和间接引语 我们先来看看什么是直接引语和间接引语？ 请看下面各人所说的话： 杰克：我想吃雪糕。 妈妈：玛丽，你弟弟说什么？ 玛丽：他说他想吃雪糕。 大家知道这三人所说的话涉及转述的问题。那么哪一句是转述的话呢？ 当然是玛丽说的话。英语中同样也有转述。转述的话叫间接引语． “直接引语”与“引述动词” He said,“It’s time for lunch.” “ I like apples,”Tom said. Jack said,“Mike can swim.” 我们把引号中的句子叫做直接引语，引号外的动词叫引述动词.如何把直接引语变为间接引语呢？如上面的句子可以变为： 　He said( that) it was time for lunch. Tom said he liked apples. Jack said Mike could swim. 直接引语变为间接引语有下列一些注意事项：１、时态的变化。2、人称的变化。３谓语动词的变化。４引导词的运用。５、其他变化。 １．直接引语是陈述句时的变化． “I don’t like action films,” Lingling said. →Lingling said that she didn’t like action films. He said “I’m here.” →He said that he was there. Jake said,“There is a good film on tonight.” →Jake said that there was a good film on that night. 总结：当直接引语是一般陈述句时，变为间 接引语时，用that引导，语序不变。 ．直接引语是祈使句的变化He said to the children,“Be quiet,”→He told the children to be quiet. He said to Betty“ Stop.” →He asked Betty to stop. She said to Tony,“Don’t go close to the bears.” →She told Tony not to go close to the bears. We said to them,“Don’t make any noise,please” →We asked them not to make any noise. 总结：当直接引语是祈使句时，变为间接引语时，一般转换为 tell sb to do sth或.ask sb to do sth. 特殊变化 直接引语是特殊疑问句的变化 He asked me,“What are these?” →He asked me what those were. Betty asked me “Where are you from?” →Betty asked me where I was from. 总结：当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语时，要用原来的疑问词引导，，从句用陈述句语序． 注意事项 　如果直接引语中的主语为第一人称１、人称随主语做适当变化 ，变为间接引语时，人称要随句子的人称而变化。 ２、谓语动词时态的变化 如果引述动词为一般过去时，间接引语中动词的时态一般推移到过去时间，如：一般现在时　→一般过去时。现在进行时→过去进行时。一般将来时→过去将来时。现在完成时态→过去完成时态， 当直接引语表示客观真理时，原来的时态不变。例如： The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east,” →The teacher said that the sun rises in the east. ３、其他变化：this →that these →those now→ then today →that day tonight→ that night here→there yesterday→the day before tomorrow→the next day come→.go. 练习题 1.He said, “please come here again tomorrow.” He asked me 2.He said,“Don’t do that again.” →He told me 3.He asked,“Where are you to get off,John?” →He asked John 4.He ask