遗传学简答题（Genetic short answer）.docVIP

遗传学简答题（Genetic short answer） 2. There is a double mutation heterozygous diploid, whose genotype is + a / / b +, if there are complementary roles to express what? If there is no complementarity, what is it? A: there are complementary roles: the phenotype is wild type, a and b mutations are not allelic, representing two different loci of genes. No complementarity: the phenotype is a mutant, a and b mutations are alleles, two locus representing the same gene locus. 3. To study the complementary effect of different mutants in a special gene region of T4 phage, and obtain the following information. According to this information, there should be several cistrons in this area. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 1 minus + minus -- 2 + - + - + + + + 3 - + - + - 4 + - + - + + + + 5 - + - + - 6 - + - + - + for complementarity - for lack of complementarity; A: from the first line, it can be seen that mutants 1 and mutants 3, 5 and 6 do not complement each other, and belong to the same gene site. And the mutants 2 and 4 are not complementary, not at the same gene site; The third, fifth, and sixth lines further verify the first line inference. From the second and fourth lines, it can be seen that the mutants 2 and 4 are not complementary, and belong to the same gene locus, which is the same cistron. And the mutants 1, 3, 5, and 6 complement each other, not in the same gene locus, that is, they belong to different cistrons. Conclusion: There are two cistrons in the area, the mutants 1, 3, 5, and 6 belong to a cistron. The mutants 2 and 4 belong to a cistron. 4. For example, how the microstructure of genes was established. A: based on the classical phage mutation and recombinant technique of phage, the analysis of gene microstructure in the rII region of T4 phage is an example. Principle: r + wild type T4 bacteriophage: infection of e. coli B strain and K12 strains, the formation of the plaque is small and fuzzy; RII mutant T4 bacteriophage: can only infect B strain, can not infect K12 (lambda) stra