Adsorption of surfactants on minerals for （吸附的表面活性剂在矿物）.pdf

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 52 (2006) 198 – 212 /locate/petrol Adsorption of surfactants on minerals for wettability control in improved oil recovery processes P. Somasundaran ⁎, L. Zhang Langmuir Center for Colloids and Interfaces, 500 W. 120th street, 911 S. W. Mudd, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States Received 6 November 2004; accepted 7 March 2006 Abstract Chemical-flooding schemes for recovering residual oil have been in general less than satisfactory due to loss of chemicals by adsorption on reservoir rocks, precipitation, and resultant changes in rock wettability. Adsorption and wettability changes are determined mainly by the chemical structure and mix of the surfactants, surface properties of the rock, composition of the oil and reservoir fluids, nature of the polymers added and solution conditions such as salinity, pH and temperature. The mineralogical composition of reservoir rocks plays an important role in determining interactions between reservoir minerals and externally added reagents (surfactants/polymers) and their effects on solid–liquid interfacial properties such as surface charge and wettability. Some of the reservoir minerals can be sparingly soluble causing precipitation and changes in wettabilty as well as drastic depletion of surfactants/polymers. Most importantly, the effect of surfactants on wettability depends not only how much is adsorbed but also on how they adsorb. A water wetted rock surface that is beneficial for displacement of oil can be obtained by manipulating the orientation