机器视觉烟雾辨识研究－以饱和度与亮度进行分析.PDF

機器視覺煙霧辨識研究－以飽和度與亮度進行分析 蒲永仁1 施安鍵1 李素幸1 1.長榮大學職業安全與衛生學系 摘 要：火災探測具有悠久的歷史，傳統的感熱式與偵煙式探測器係分別利用火焰產生的熱與 煙來觸發作動，而火焰式探測器則以火焰發出之紅外光或紫外光強度來作動，這些探測器絕大多數 都是火警自動警報設備的一環，無法單獨設置，而且因探測原理的限制，易受環境干擾而延遲或誤 報；此外，多數火災發生之初，首先產生大量煙霧，瀰漫整個場所，人員往往因此能夠在遠處察覺 災害的發生。近年來機器視覺產品成本的大幅下降，監視器材運用日漸廣泛，以可見光直接監控工 作場所火災或煙霧的產生，精確的判別火災的發生而減少誤報，則成為必然的趨勢。本研究擬利用 圖控式程式語言研發出一套易於操作之煙霧監視程式，利用視覺直觀方式將監視影像之RGB色彩系 統轉換為HSI系統，首先以其像素飽和度之動態變化過濾雜訊，並藉由煙霧辨識參數，在彩煙球釋放 的影片中辨識出煙霧前景；接著利用此前景像素的亮度分佈，進一步找出過濾雜訊的亮度門檻值， 藉以準確地判斷煙霧的發生。 關鍵字：煙霧、飽和度 、亮度、影像處理、機器視覺 通訊作者：施安鍵 、長榮大學職業安全與衛生學系、E-mail ：just7316@ Study of Smoke Detection by Machine Vision- To Recognize by Saturation and Intensity 1 1 1 Yong-Ren Pu An-Chien Shih Su-Hsing Lee 1. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chang Jung Christian University Abstract: Fire detection has evolved with a long history. Those traditional heat and smoke detectors utilize, respectively, the heat and smoke produced by fire to react. While the flame detectors absorb IR/UV emitted from the flames and trigger if it gets to a certain level of intensity. Most of the above mentioned detectors are just elements of a complicated electrical alarm system. They can not be installed to operate by their own. Moreover, they tend to react late or erroneously by environmental interference because of the limitations to their operational principles. Most fires create a great amount of smoke in the initial stage. When it pervades all over the space, people can then be aware of the situation from a distance. Recently the cost of machine vision products has been decreasing in a great deal, which brings many applications in this field. It has been an