我国农业用水结构演变态势分析.PDFVIP

2010 3 18 2 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, March 2010, 18(2): 399−404 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2010.00399 * 王玉宝1,2 吴普特1,2,3 赵西宁 1,2,3 李甲林4 (1. 712100; 2. 712100; 3. 712100; 4. 730000) 农业用水结构对农业用水效率及效益有较大影响。采用 1949~2006 年农业用水资料分析了我国农业 用水结构的演变历程, 并根据农业用水结构的发展变化及灌溉农业的发展历史和未来发展方向, 将 1949~2050 年我国农业用水水平分为初级利用、低效利用、合理利用及高效利用4 个阶段。研究表明: 我国农 业用水结构日趋合理, 农业用水比重持续减少, 农、林、牧、渔用水及粮、经、饲作物用水比例协调程度不断 提高。据此, 提出了注重农业用水结构优化的农业经济用水量概念。华北地区的实例分析表明, 在同时提高农 业用水综合效益的情形下, 依靠优化农业用水结构可年节水 199.94 亿 m3 ; 而有无用水结构优化的综合节水 3 措施节水效果相差29.97 亿 m 。 农业用水结构 农业用水效率 农业用水水平 农业结构型节水 农业经济用水量 : S274 : A : 1671-3990(2010)02-0399-06 Development tendency of agricultural water structure in China WANG Yu-Bao 1,2, WU Pu-Te1,2,3, ZHAO Xi-Ning1,2,3, LI Jia-Lin4 (1. Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education, Northwest A F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2. National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation at Yangling, Yangling 712100, China; 3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; 4. Bureau of Water Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China) Abstract Agricultural water structure (AWS) influences the efficiency and potential benefits of water use. The evolution history of AWS in China was analyzed in this study using agricultural water consumption data in China for 1949~2006. Agricultural water use level for 1949~2050 was divided into four periods of primary use,