第2章 纯金属的结晶（The second chapter is the crystallization of pure metal）.doc

第2章 纯金属的结晶（The second chapter is the crystallization of pure metal） The second chapter of the crystallization of pure metal Metal products have undergone melting and casting, which are experienced by the liquid to solid solidification process, also called crystal. Different crystallization conditions have great influence on the microstructure and properties of. In addition, the crystallization is the transformation process, grasp the basic rules of the crystallization process and lay the foundation for the study of phase transition. 1-1 metal crystallization phenomenon A macro phenomenon (supercooled liquid). The size and nature of the metal cooling degree and cooling conditions. The cooling conditions, different metal? T different metal purity is high, T? More; when the metal, the faster the cooling speed, the greater the T?. However, no matter how slow cooling,? T is not 0, that is, must be cold crystallization. This is because the temperature solidification theory refers to liquid and solid two-phase free energy is equal to the corresponding temperature due to crystallization interface can make energy increase, to offset this energy must be cold. However, the molten metal without overheating. Proof: because, when melting surface free energy change:. Two, micro process The study found that the micro crystallization process including nucleus and growth (Figure 3, P33 4). The study also found that, when the liquid metal cooling to below Tm the actual isothermal crystallization temperature, crystal nucleus did not immediately, but to stay after a certain period of time began to appear the first batch of crystal nucleus. The residence time is called incubation period. With the passage of time, continue to produce nucleus and grow up, until the liquid disappeared. After crystallization, each crystal growth into a crystal grain, become more. You can imagine, if the crystallization process only one nucleation and growth of single crystal metal forming. Thermodynamic cond