结构体与位结构体（Structure and bit structure）.docVIP

结构体与位结构体（Structure and bit structure） C language structure alignment is a commonplace talk of an old scholar topic. Basically is the interview questions. Although the content is very basic, but accidentally make a mistake. Write a struct, then sizeof, you will often feel strange results? The results of sizeof often than the total length of variable you declare to be big, how is this going? At the beginning of learning, also be such problems for a long time. In fact, many related articles, feel not clear. How to align the structure? [structure] Some people give alignment principles had concluded, specifically where to see is not remember now, here quote previous experience (in the absence of #pragma pack macro case): 1, the principle of data members: structure alignment rules (struct or union) data members, first put data members in offset is 0, the starting position after each data member is stored to start from the size of the integer times of members (such as int in the 32 bit machine is 4 bytes, is from integer the start address 4 storage). 2, the principle of structure as a member: if there is some structure members of a structure, the structure member to integer address from its internal storage to the maximum element size. (struct a struct B being char, B, int, double and other elements, the B should be from 8 integer times to store.) Principle 3, finishing work: the total size of structure, which is the result of sizeof must be an integer multiple of its maximum internal members, insufficient to make up. The three principles of how to understand? We look at the following example, through the examples to deepen understanding. Cases of 1:struct{ Short a1; Short a2; Short a3; }A; Struct{ Long a1; Short a2; }B; Sizeof (A) = 6; this is well understood, three short 2. Sizeof (B) = 8; the ratio is not bigger than expected 2 bytes? Long is 4, short is 2, the 8, because the principle of 3. 2:struct A{ Int a; Char b; Short c; }; Struct B{ Char b; Int a; Short c; }; Str