中国区域污染控制面临的挑战.ppt

The challenges in China’s regional pollution control policies 中国区域污染控制面临的挑战 Jiming Hao School of Environment, Tsinghua University 郝吉明 清华大学环境学院 Contents Historical review/历史回顾 Challenges/面临挑战 Foreign experiences/国外经验 Recommendations/对策建议 Historical review/历史回顾 YRD Jing-jin-ji PRD During 2008-2010, China initiated the regional joint control policies in the regions of Jing-jin-ji, YRD, and PRD to ensure the air quality during the Olympic Games, the World EXPO, and the Asian Games. For APEC 2014. 2008-2010年，为保障北京奥运会、上海世博会、广州亚运会为期间的空气质量，我国开始在京津冀、长三角、珠三角开展区域联防联控试点. 2014 APEC 空气质量保障. Historical review/历史回顾 Three Regions + 10 city-clusters 三区十群 In 2010, the State Council issued a “guidelines of promoting regional joint prevention and control policies and improving regional air quality”. 2010年，国务院办公厅发布《关于推进大气污染联防联控工作改善区域空气质量指导意见》； In 2012, MEP issued “The 12th Five-Year Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control in Key Regions”; the target regions for regional joint control were extended to “three regions and 10 city-clusters”. 2012年，环保部发布《重点区域大气污染防治“十二五”规划》；联防联控范围扩大到“三区十群” 京津冀 长三角 珠三角 辽宁中部 山东半岛 海峡西岸 长株潭 成渝 乌鲁木齐 武汉及周边 山西中北部 甘宁 陕西关中 Contents Historical review/历史回顾 Challenges/面临挑战 Foreign experiences/国外经验 Recommendations/对策建议 Both satellite and surface observations indicate that the regions with high PM2.5 concentrations in Jingjinji, YRD, and Central China have interconnected with each other; this pattern is consistent with the spatial distribution of emission intensity. 地面观测和卫星观测数据都表明，京津冀、长三角与华中的PM2.5高浓度区已相互连接，并呈现向周边区域辐射态势，这与污染物排放强度的分布规律一致 Challenge 1: Need to designate air pollution control regions 挑战1：需要进行科学的大气污染防治区划 Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) observed by MODIS MODIS卫星观测的光学厚度 Annual average PM2.5 conc. in 2013 2013年PM2.5年均浓度 PM2.5 emission intensity/PM2.5排放强度 Our study indicates that the surrounding areas of Jing-jin-ji (Shandong, Henan, Shanxi etc.) contribute about 25% and 45% to PM2.5 and SNA concentrations in the Jing-jin-ji region, respectively. 京