Chapter 38 Diffraction Patterns and Polarization（章38衍射模式和极化）.pdf

Chapter 38 Diffraction Patterns and Polarization 38.1 Introduction to Diffraction Pattern 38.2 Dffraction Pattern from Narrow Slits Diffraction – one kind of interference a  The first zeroes in the intensity occur at sin (destructive interference). 2 2 Zero intensity occurs at a sin m. Note that the condition is incorrect at m 0 . Example: In a lecture demonstration of single-slit diffraction, a laser beam of wavelength 700 nm passes through a vertical slit 0.2 mm wide and hits a screen 6 m 1 away. Find the width of the central diffraction maximum on the screen. a  a  a y  sin -- tan ~ -- ~ 2 2 2 2 2 L 2 L 700 -- 2y ~ 2 2 6 6 0.042 m a 0.2 10 Intensity of Single-Slit Diffraction Patterns Assume N equally spaced sources:   A sin kx t max divided into N subwaves     A0 sin kx t n A0 sin n  = ((a/N)sin())/ A NA max 0 Assume the phase difference between the first wave and the last wave is  --  N The superposition rule - the total amplitude is: A   max A 2r sin / 2 let Amax NA0   r A max  r  A A max   -- 2 sin / 2   2   2 I I 0  A  I 0 sin / 2   is related to the path difference as Amax   / 2   a sin sin a sin/  2  I