NokiaProcessCapability（ppt55页）.pptVIP

Two Types of Processes All processes have: Natural (random) variability= due to common causes The Two Causes of Variation Common Causes: Causes that are implemented in the process due to the design of the process, and affect all outcomes of the process Identifying these types of causes requires methods such as Design of Experiment (DOE), etc. Special Causes: Causes that are not present in the process all the time and do not affect all outcomes, but arise because of specific circumstances Special causes can be identified using Statistical Process Control (SPC) Tolerances A tolerance is a a