LAS对土壤环境理化性状和生物活性的影响-中国表面活性剂网.PDF

第 22 卷第 1 期 环 　　境 　　科 　　学 Vol. 22 ,No. 1 2001 年 1 月 ENV IRONMEN TAL SCIENCE Jan. ,2001 LAS 对土壤环境理化性状和生物活性的影响 潘根兴 ,韩永镜(南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所 ,南京 　210095 ,Email :gxpan2 @jlonline. com) 摘要 : 以太湖地区黄泥土为例,通过土壤物理性质测定、毒性物质吸附实验以及实验室微生物培养 ,研究了不同 浓度 LAS 对土壤环境理化性质和微生物活性的影响. 表明 LAS 显著影响土壤溶液性质 ,降低土壤环境对苯酚的 吸附量 ,但对重金属离子的吸附无明显效应 ;土壤硝化作用和氨化作用对 LAS 十分敏感 ,反硝化作用受到一定 程度的促进 ;土壤中细菌受到 LAS 的刺激 ,而真菌受到抑制 ;土壤呼吸活性在培养前期随 LAS 浓度表现增强 ,但 在 5mg/ L 浓度下 ,一周后均表现出抑制. 本研究表明 ,土壤中存在对LAS 耐受的微生物群落. 土壤对LAS 污染 的环境效应与土壤类型和性质有关 , 尚需进一步研究. 关键词 :LAS ;表面活性剂 ;土壤环境 ;土壤微生物活性 ;理化性质 中图分类号:X53 　　文献标识码 :A 　文章编号 (2001) Effect of LAS on Physicochemical Properties and Microorganism Activi ty in Soil Environment Pan Genxing ,Han Yongjin g ( Institute of Res. , Eco. Environ. for Agric. ,Nanjin g Agric. University ,Nanjin g 210095 ,China Email :gxpan2 @jlonline. com) Abstract :Using a well drained paddy soil and the derived soil under vegetables in the Taihu Lake region ,China ,experi ments of soil capillary rise ,colloid dispersion and adsorption of toxic organics and heavy metals by soil under various de grees of LAS addition were conducted. Also incubation experiments of microorganism activity in soil with added LAS in different concentrations were carried out in laboratory. LAS addition resulted in lower capillary rise of soil solution ,high er dispersion of soil colloids and lower capacity of soil for organic pollutants but no significant influence on adsorption of heavy metal cations. The nitrification and amonification in soil were very sensitive to LAS stress while denitrification turned to be stimulated. LAS addition gave stronger growth of soil bacteria while decreased growth of fungus. Mean while ,soil respiration was stimulated in the first week of incubation and compressed afterwards by LAS at concentration over 5mg/ k