论文2预应力混凝土先张法施工工艺细则剖析.docVIP

目录 摘要·······································································2 1 绪 论 1.1、全新的隧道施工概念···············································2 1.2、检测依据及目的···················································3 2 隧道施工监控量测内容 2.1监控量测要求·······················································4 2.2监控量测项目·······················································4 2.3监控量测频率·······················································5 3 监控量测点布设要求···············································6 4 必测项目的监控量测方法 4.1隧道现场调查························································6 4.2 洞内围岩观察························································8 4.3周边位移监测·······················································10 4.4 拱顶下沉监测·······················································13 5 隧道施工质量检测 5.1锚杆锚固质量无损检测··············································15 总 结 ··································································18 参 考 文 献····························································18 预应力混凝土先张法施工工艺 （QB1） 1 适用范围 本工艺标准适用于一般工业与民用建筑先张法预应力结构工程的施工。 2 施工准备 2.1 材料 2.1.1 预应力筋：预应力筋常用的有冷扎带肋钢筋、刻痕钢丝、钢铰线、冷拉Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级粗钢筋等，其规格品种、数量应符合设计要求和有关国家标准，有产品合格证，出厂检验报告，并应按现行国家标准《预应力混凝土用钢铰线》GB/T5224等的规定抽取试件的力学性能检验，其质量必须符合有关标准的规定。 2.1.2 预应力筋用夹具、连接器：常用的有锥销式锚具、夹片式锚具、螺丝端杆锚具等，其品种质量应符合设计及技术规程要求。并按规定进行外观质量、硬度检验。应有出厂质量证明书和进场复试报告。 2.1.3 用水泥应对其品种、级别、出厂日期等进行检查，并对其强度、安定性及其他必要的性能指标进行复验。其质量必须符合国家标准的规定。 2.2 主要机具：电动螺杆张拉机、张拉千斤顶、高压油泵、压力表、钢丝应力测力仪、卷扬机、钢板尺等。 2.3 作业条件 2.3.1 熟悉图纸，认真进行技术交底。 2.3.2 原材料已经过复试合格，台座表面已清理干净。 2.3.3 施加预应力的拉伸机已经过配套校验并有记录。压力表已经过校验并在校验周期内使用。张拉前试车检查张拉机具与设备是否正常、可靠。 2.3.4 张拉的两端应有安全防护措施。 2.3.5 将预应力筋的张拉吨位与相应的压力表指针读数、钢筋计算伸长值写在牌上，并挂在明显位置处，以便操作时观察掌握。 2.3.6 混凝土配合比已经试验确定。 2.4 作业人员钢筋工、木工、水泥工、架子工、测量工和机械工等，其中机械工、焊工应持证上岗，且合格证应在有效期限内。 3 操作工艺 3.1 工艺流程： 3.2 操作细则 3.2.1 台座表面清理干净后涂刷隔离剂，但应避免选用油质类隔离剂，以防止沾污预应力筋和影响粘结力。若遭受污染应使用适当的溶剂加以清刷干净。 3.2.2 预应力筋制作 3.2.2.1 冷轧带肋钢筋下料时，成盘钢筋放置在固定架上放线铺设，待留置一定锚固长度后用钢丝钳切割。 3.2.2.2 钢绞线、刻痕钢丝等下料时，因盘状供货弹力大，应将其固定在钢筋笼内后，从笼内将预应力筋拉出，再根据设计要求，利用砂轮切割机切割至下料长度。 3.2.2.3 冷拉钢筋做为预应力筋下料时，根据冷拉机械性