五说名词.docVIP

第五讲 名词性从句 名词性，在句中担任主语，宾语，表语，同位语 根据担任成分不同，分为：宾语从句，主语从句，同位语从句，表语从句 连接词：有且只能有一个连接词。 that ＋陈述句 whether （if）＋一般疑问句（是否） 特殊疑问词what, when, where, why, which, how, whose… whatever, whoever, whomever 宾语从句： He told me (that) he had won the game. He asked me whether / if we would have the meeting. He asked me when/ where/ why/ how/ we would have the meeting. 主语从句： That he won the game surprised all of us. Whether we would have the meeting remained to be decided. When/ where/ why/ how we would have the meeting remained to be decided. 表语从句： The news was that he won the game. The question was whether we would have the meeting. The question was when/ where/ why/ how we would have the meeting. 同位语从句： The fact that he won the game surprised all of us. The question whether we would have the meeting remained unanswered. The question when/ where/ why/ how we would have the meeting remained unanswered. 注意点： 1. 可否省略that 只有宾语从句中的that才可以省略。其他名词性从句中的that不可省。宾语从句中若有两个从句，第二个that也不可省略。 e.g. He said (that) he would be sent to America and that he would come back three years later. It was said that he would be sent to America. （主语从句，不可省略that） That he won the contest surprised all of us. 2. if whether 宾语从句可用if连接一般疑问句，但其他名词性从句只能用whether。而且与or not 连用只能用whether。 e.g. He asked whether/ if he would be sent to America. ?He asked whether he would be sent to America or not. It is still unknown whether he would be sent to America. 3. it 做形式宾语或形式主语的结构。 只能用从句或不定式作为真正的宾语或主语。 e.g. It is known to all that China is a country with a long history. It remains a question whether/ when/ how… he can manage to finish the job in time. The telephone makes it possible to speak to those who are far away. 4.同位语从句的注意点： 常用同位语从句的名词有 fact, truth, news, word, promise, problem, suggestion, feeling… 后跟that + 陈述句 question, 后跟whether或其他疑问代词。 e.g. The fact that they won the game made them very excited. The question whether they could win the game remains unknown. 注意和定语从句的区别： I gav