不锈钢研发的最新进展_奥氏体_铁素体与双相不锈钢.pdf

2011 1 55 Markus O Speide,l Markus D iener (瑞士材料科学院, 比尔门施托夫瑞士) : , : , , , , , , , , 24 , : ; ; ; ; ; doi: 10. 3969/j. issn. 1672 9587. 2011. 01. 010 Recent developments in stainless steels: austenitic, ferritic, duplex M ark us O Sp eid e,l M arkus D iener ( Sw issA cademy ofM aterials Science, Seilersgrabeweg 6 CH 5413 B irmenstorf, Sw itzerland) Abstract: A review is given concerning som e of the recent industrial developm ents of stain less steels. In austen itic stainless steels, tw o different directions of alloy developm ent are noticeable: low nickel austenitic stainless steels and high nitrogen stainless steels. In these tw o cases the ami s are different, particularly in term s of strength, but the philosophy of alloy developm ent and the scientific approaches are very smi ilar and they all revolve about the role of nitrogen as an alloying elem ent and how th is affects strength, ductility and corrosion resistance. There is now a broad and useful basis of inform ation as to how nitrogen affects solid solution hardening, grain boundary hardening and w ork hardening and how to m ake use of these effects in developing m aterials required by the w orld m arket[ 1]. In the field of corrosion resistance, ferritic, duplex and austenitic stainless steels compete w ith each other and now there is a grow ing body of inform ation concerning the relative corrosion resistance based on laboratory data. How ever, for practical applications and for alloy selection, more than just laboratory data are needed, and thus, the first results are presented here of a m any years comparison of the corrosion resistance