metallic materials and corrosionenacn(板式换热器板片材质).ppt

metallic materials and corrosionenacn(板式换热器板片材质).ppt

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metallicmaterialsandcorrosionena

? Alfa Laval ? Alfa Laval Metallic materials and corrosion in plate heat exchangers 板式换热器的金属材料和腐蚀 Materials of compact heat exchangers Stainless steels 不锈钢 Austenitic奥氏体: 304, 316, 317, 904L, 254SMO Duplex双相钢: 2205 (only for SHE-s) Nickel and nickel alloys镍和镍基合金 Ni, C-276, D-205, G-30, C-2000, C-22, B-3, alloy 59, 3033, Inc 686, Inc 625, Inc 825 Titanium and titanium alloys钛和钛合金 Gr. 1 = Ti, Gr.11= TiPd Copper and copper alloys铜和铜合金 Tantalum 钽 Graphite 石墨 Environmental descriptors Contaminants or “additives” 环境污染或添加 Halides卤化物 – Chloride (Cl-), Fluoride (F-), Bromides (Br-), Iodides (I-) Oxidisers氧化物 – Oxygen (O2), Ozone (O3), Chlorine (FAC), Bromine (Br-), Iodine (I)碘, Hydrogen peroxide过氧化氢 (H2O2), Multivalent metallic ions (Fe3+, Cr3+, Ni2+) 多价化合物 Oxidising acids氧化酸 – Nitric acid, concentrated sulphuric acid, chromic acid三价铬酸 Non-oxidising acids非氧化酸 – Diluted sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, most organic acids (acetic醋酸, formic蚁酸 etc) Alloy chart – stainless steel Alloy chart – nickel base materials Composition of selected stainless steels and nickel-base alloys Composition of selected titanium ”alloys” Effect of alloying elements in stainless steel and nickel-base alloys (1) 影响不锈钢和镍基合金的元素 Chromium (Cr) – Improves resistance to oxidising corrosives and enhances resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion Nickel (Ni) – Improves resistance to reducing acids and caustics and improves resistance to stress corrosion cracking Molybdenum (Mo) – Improves resistance to reducing acids and to pitting and crevice corrosion. “Reduces” resistance in highly oxidising environments Iron (Fe) – Reduces alloy costs Copper (Cu) – Improves resistance to reducing acids (especially non-aerated sulphuric and hydrofluoric) and to salts. Improves resistance of Ni-Cr-Mo-Fe alloys in hydrochloric, phosphoric and sulphuric acids Effect of alloying elements in stainless steel and nickel-base alloys (2) Titanium (Ti) – Combines with carbon and nitrogen to reduce s

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