线路勘测设计(考试必备)（Circuit survey design (necessary for examination)）.doc

线路勘测设计(考试必备)（Circuit survey design (necessary for examination)） Means of transportation: railways, roads, waterways, airlines, pipelines. The national highway network planning layout scheme by combining vertically and horizontally, forming outward from the center of the city and the cross channel radiation that runs through the north and the south, the highway network is the 7 capital of radiation, consisting of 9 north-south and 18 East-West longitudinal transverse line, referred to as the total size of 7918 network of about 85 thousand km. The planning service object further expanded to all the population in more than 200 thousand of the city, the national 4A class above tourist scenic city, planning technology level all highway. Highway classification: highway; first class highway; two or three and four grade highway, City road classification: expressway; main road; Road branch. 4. (1) design vehicles: means designed for road use, with representatives to vehicles. (2) the design speed: also known as the design speed, refers to the favorable weather conditions in traffic density is small, effect of vehicle operation only by the condition of the road itself is the maximum speed driving medium technician can maintain the safety and comfort of driving. 5., road boundaries: road construction clearance is to ensure the normal passage of vehicles and pedestrians, the provisions of the road within a certain height range does not allow any facilities and barriers to invade the scope of the space. The road construction clearance and clearance, consists of two parts: clear height and width. Clear height is the road that vertical height must meet the safe passage in the cross-sectional range, height should be considered car loading height, safe height and other factors to determine the pavement. Graphic Artist Designer Plane linear three elements: straight line; circle curve; easement curve. Maximum length of a line: approximately 20V acceptable in towns and their vicinity o