hql语句的用法（Usage of the HQL statement）.docVIP

hql语句的用法（Usage of the HQL statement） HQL statement usage 2007-10-30 15:43 A ORM framework is built on an object oriented basis. The best example is how Hibernate provides class SQL queries. Although the syntax of HQL is similar to SQL, the object of its query is actually the object. HQL has all the features of object oriented languages, including polymorphism, inheritance, and composition. This is equivalent to an object-oriented SQL, and in order to provide more powerful functions, HQL also provides a lot of query functions. These functions can be divided into four categories: 1. projection function 2. constraint function 3. aggregation function 4. grouping function Using HQL, you can create simple queries, or you can create more complex queries. In this article, very complex queries, such as queries containing subquery and many connections, are not discussed. This article discusses only queries that connect two tables. Now lets get closer to HQL! Projection Projection, such as projection, is an attribute of an object or object that can be accessed. In HQL, you can use the from and select clauses to do this work. The from clause returns all instances of the specified class. For example, from Order returns all instances of the Order class. In other words, the query above corresponds to the following SQL statement: Select * from order From is the simplest query clause. From can follow one or more class names (the class name can also be aliased). To get all instances of Order and Product, you can use the following query: From, Order, Product Like the class name, aliases can also be used after from, as shown in the following code: From, Order, as, O, Product, P When the query is complex, adding aliases can reduce the length of the statement. We can look at the following SQL statement: Select, o.*, p.*, from, order, O, product, P, where, o.order_id = p.order_id We can easily see that the query above is a one to many relationship. In HQL, it is equivalent to an instance