电磁波测距（Electromagnetic distance measurement）.docVIP

电磁波测距（Electromagnetic distance measurement） Since 1940s, radar, as well as the development of various pulse and phase navigation systems, have promoted in-depth research in the field of electronic time measurement technology, phase measuring technology and high stability frequency source. On this basis, Bergstrand (E.Bergstrand) and Ward Li (T.L.Wadley) successfully developed the first generation photoelectric range finder and microwave range finder respectively in 1948 and 1956. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the equipment of continuous improvement, has now reached a considerable degree of perfection, the land surveying and engineering surveying change in 3 aspects: the length of the initial triangulation in the side, now all use electromagnetic wave rangefinder direct measurement, the past layout baseline network calculation method of length of the starting edge is history; the three side wire measurement, measurement and application of measuring the side angle net more and more widely, has gradually replaced the triangulation trend; the use of electronic total station or speed measuring device, take the edge angle measurement of geodetic control network and elevation layout encryption wire, it has high economic benefits (see three edge measurement). China has used electromagnetic wave ranging method to establish precise wires in Qinghai Tibet Plateau as part of the national network. Edit this section ranging principle There are two methods for electromagnetic range finding: pulse ranging method and phase ranging method. Pulse ranging method A portion of the light pulse emitted by the instrument measuring line directly by the end of the instrument into the receiver, as a reference pulse; emitted light pulse through the rest of the line on the other side of the mirror back, also entered the receiver. When measuring the time between the reference pulse and the reflected pulse T, the distance D: can be obtained by the next formula, and the C in